Procurement Resource, a global authority in procurement intelligence and market feasibility studies, presents the latest Benzene Hexachloride (BHC) Manufacturing Report. This all-encompassing guide provides a strategic blueprint for setting up a BHC production facility—covering market dynamics, technical processes, equipment requirements, cost structures, sustainability, and profitability.

Overview: Benzene Hexachloride (BHC) – A Key Agrochemical Intermediate

Benzene Hexachloride (C₆H₆Cl₆), also known as Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), is a synthetic organochlorine compound derived from benzene. Its most well-known isomer is gamma-BHC, commonly referred to as Lindane, which was historically used as an insecticide and pesticide in agriculture and public health applications.

Though usage has declined in some regions due to environmental concerns, BHC continues to play a role in:

  • Pest control (in regulated applications)
  • Veterinary pharmaceuticals (lice, scabies treatment)
  • Intermediates in specialty chemical synthesis
  • Research and development in chemical processes

Scope of the Report

This detailed project report provides a complete evaluation of the essential elements for launching a BHC Manufacturing Plant, including:

  • Market analysis and demand drivers
  • Manufacturing process and technical requirements
  • Equipment and machinery setup
  • Capital and operating cost breakdown
  • Regulatory compliance and safety considerations
  • Profitability forecasts and risk assessment

Market Outlook

While BHC usage has declined in several countries due to environmental and toxicity concerns, there remains demand in select markets (particularly in Asia, Africa, and Latin America) for regulated and industrial-grade BHC production.

Market Drivers

  • Use in agriculture (where legally permitted) for pest control
  • Manufacturing of gamma-BHC in pharmaceutical and veterinary uses
  • Demand for BHC isomers in chemical intermediates
  • Niche use in industrial and academic R&D

Key Regions

  • Asia-Pacific: High production and consumption, particularly in India and China
  • Africa and South America: Controlled agricultural usage in specific crops
  • Eastern Europe and CIS: Continued use in some industrial applications

Raw Materials and Chemical Inputs

Primary Raw Materials

  • Benzene (C₆H₆): The base aromatic hydrocarbon
  • Chlorine gas (Cl₂): Reacts with benzene in the presence of UV light or catalysts

Auxiliary Requirements

  • Solvents or diluents (depending on process route)
  • UV irradiation system or catalyst (AlCl₃ or FeCl₃ in some cases)
  • Cooling water, inert gas for safety (e.g., nitrogen)

Procurement Considerations

  • Benzene and chlorine prices significantly impact production economics
  • Purity of raw materials influences isomer yield and waste management
  • Chlorine handling requires stringent safety protocols

BHC Manufacturing Process

The manufacturing of BHC primarily involves the chlorination of benzene under controlled conditions, resulting in a mixture of several isomers.

Step-by-Step Process

  1. Chlorination Reaction
    • Benzene is reacted with chlorine gas under UV light or in the presence of a catalyst.
    • This substitution leads to hexachlorocyclohexane, producing a mixture of isomers (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon).
  2. Isomer Separation and Purification
    • The crude BHC isomers are separated using fractional crystallization or solvent extraction.
    • Gamma-isomer (Lindane) may be isolated and purified, depending on plant focus.
  3. Drying and Packaging
    • Purified product is dried, packed in moisture-proof containers, and stored in secure conditions.
  4. Byproduct Handling
    • Non-target isomers are either sold for industrial use or must be neutralized/disposed per environmental regulations.

Machinery and Equipment Requirements

Core Equipment

  • Chlorination reactor (glass-lined or stainless steel with cooling jacket)
  • UV irradiation unit or catalytic reactor system
  • Gas feeding systems for benzene and chlorine
  • Fractional crystallization or extraction columns
  • Dryers and packaging units
  • Safety equipment: gas scrubbers, fume hoods, ventilation systems

Utilities

  • Stable power supply
  • Cooling water system
  • Compressed air and inert gas (for pressurization)
  • Waste treatment and emission control facilities

Plant Infrastructure and Workforce

Area Requirements

A medium-scale BHC plant typically requires 10,000–15,000 sq. ft., including production, storage, utilities, and administration.

Manpower

  • Chemical engineers and plant operators
  • Safety and compliance officers
  • Maintenance staff
  • Laboratory and quality assurance personnel
  • Administrative and logistics team

Quality Control and Compliance

BHC manufacturing is highly regulated due to health and environmental concerns.

Quality Standards

  • Product purity (especially gamma-BHC if produced)
  • Compliance with national pesticide/insecticide control boards
  • Batch-wise testing for residual solvents, moisture, and impurities

Regulatory Compliance

  • Registration under chemical safety and hazardous substances laws
  • Environmental permits for emissions and effluent
  • Worker safety protocols (PPE, MSDS, first aid training)

Note: Lindane is a Restricted Use Pesticide (RUP) or banned in some countries. A market-specific legal assessment is essential before establishing a plant.

Financial Overview

Capital Expenditure (CAPEX)

  • Reactor and UV system installation
  • Gas handling and scrubber systems
  • Civil construction and plant infrastructure
  • Initial raw materials and utilities
  • Licenses and regulatory compliance costs

Operating Costs (OPEX)

  • Raw materials (benzene, chlorine)
  • Utility bills (power, water, inert gases)
  • Labor and safety compliance
  • Waste treatment and byproduct handling
  • Packaging and logistics

Economic Viability

  • ROI of 20–30%, depending on market access and plant efficiency
  • Payback period of 3–4 years under stable operations
  • Profitability increases with value addition (e.g., purified gamma-BHC for pharma)

Sustainability and Risk Factors

Environmental Concerns

  • BHC is persistent in the environment and considered a Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) by the Stockholm Convention
  • Strict monitoring of air, water, and soil emissions is necessary
  • Advanced effluent treatment and waste management systems are a must

Risk Mitigation

  • Installation of chlorine gas detectors and emergency protocols
  • Use of explosion-proof and corrosion-resistant equipment
  • Fire safety systems, emergency shutdown provisions, and safe storage

Why Choose Procurement Resource?

Procurement Resource supports investors and businesses with custom-built project reports, financial models, and market entry guidance.

Our services include:

  • Market feasibility and demand forecasts
  • Equipment and supplier recommendations
  • Cost modeling and pricing analysis
  • Sustainability and regulatory assessments
  • Strategic procurement planning

Request a Free Sample Report

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